Pembahasan UKK TKJ 2016 2017 Paket 1

INSTALASI DAN CONFIGURASI REPOSITORI LOKAL
Kita siapkan DVD1 / DVD2 / DVD3 debian dan salin ke /root
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root@debian-corei7:~# ls
debian-8.6.0-i386-DVD-1.iso
debian-8.6.0-i386-DVD-2.iso
debian-8.6.0-i386-DVD-3.iso
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Kita buat folder untuk menampung hasil mount iso debian
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#mkdir mnt/repo1
#mkdir mnt/repo2
#mkdir mnt/repo3
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Kita mount semua file iso secara otomatis ketika mesin dihidupkan directory /etc/rc.local
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#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.
mount -o loop /root/debian-8.6.0-i386-DVD-1.iso /mnt/repo1/
mount -o loop /root/debian-8.6.0-i386-DVD-2.iso /mnt/repo2/
mount -o loop /root/debian-8.6.0-i386-DVD-3.iso /mnt/repo3/
exit 0
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Kita configurasi /etc/apt/sources.list agar diarahkan ke repository /mnt/repo1/debian | /mnt/repo2/debian | /mnt/repo3/debian
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deb file:/mnt/repo1/debian jessie main
deb file:/mnt/repo2/debian jessie main
deb file:/mnt/repo3/debian jessie main
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Kita update
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#apt-get update
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INSTALASI MODUL SOFTWARE YANG DIPERLUKAN
#apt-get install unzip apache2 bind9 mariadb-server php5 phpmyadmin squid3 proftpd-basic iptables-persistent

CONFIGURASI IP ADDRESS
Configurasi /etc/network/interface
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IP Address Gateway Internet
IP : 192.168.1.1
Subnetmask : 255.255.255.0

#Config
#By
#Een Pahlefi,S.Kom

#Wajib baca
#syarat membangun router, minimal mempunyai 2 interface ethernet
#ethernet 0 > interface yang terhubung ke internet
#ethernet 1 > interface yang terhubung ke jaringan lokal

#interface yang tehubung ke internet
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1

#interface yang tehubung ke jaringan lokal
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.100.1
netmask 255.255.255.128

#ip virtual untuk eth1:1 > proxy server
auto eth1:1
iface eth1:1 inet static
address 192.168.55.1
netmask 255.255.255.0

CONFIGURASI FIREWALL

Configurasi debian agar menjadi mode router /etc/sysctl.conf
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net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
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Configurasi NAT agar client dapat mengakses internet
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#iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
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Kemudian kita simpan agar tidak hilang ketika mesin di restart
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#iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4
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CONFIGURASI DNS SERVER
Note : saya asumsikan
http://sekolah.sch.id : 192.168.100.1
http://smkbisa.com : 192.168.55.1
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Configurasi /etc/bind/named.conf.local
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//
// Do any local configuration here
//

// Consider adding the 1918 zones here, if they are not used in your
// organization
//include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918";
zone "sekolah.sch.id" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/sekolah"; };

zone "smkbisa.com" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/smkbisa"; };

zone "100.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/192"; };
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Salin file db.local menjadi sekolah
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#cp /etc/bind/db.local /etc/bind/sekolah
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Salin file db.local menjadi smkbisa
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#cp /etc/bind/db.local /etc/bind/smkbisa
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Salin file db.127 menjadi 192
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#cp /etc/bind/db.127 /etc/bind/192
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Configurasi /etc/bind/sekolah
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;
; BIND data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA sekolah.sch.id. root.sekolah.sch.id. (
2 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS sekolah.sch.id.
@ IN A 192.168.100.1
ftp IN A 192.168.100.1
www IN A 192.168.100.1

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Configurasi /etc/bind/smkbisa
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;
; BIND data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA smkbisa.com. root.smkbisa.com. (
2 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS smkbisa.com.
@ IN A 192.168.55.1
www IN A 192.168.55.1
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Configurasi /etc/bind/192
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;
; BIND reverse data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA sekolah.sch.id. root.sekolah.sch.id. (
1 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS sekolah.sch.id.
1 IN PTR sekolah.sch.id.

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Configurasi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
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options {
directory "/var/cache/bind";
forwarders {
192.168.1.1
8.8.8.8;
8.8.4.4;
};

#dnssec-validation auto; //bawaan nya auto
dnssec-validation no; //

auth-nxdomain no; # conform to RFC1035
listen-on-v6 { any; };
};
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Configurasi NAT memaksa agar semua paket yang berasal dari interface eth1 dengan port 53 (layanan domain) akan di belokan paksa ke dns server (bind)
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#iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -p udp --dport 53 -j REDIRECT --to-port 53
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Kemudian kita simpan agar tidak hilang ketika mesin di restart
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#iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4
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Pastikan tidak ada kesalahan configurasi bind9
--------------------------------------
#named-checkconf -z
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Restart bind
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#/etc/init.d/bind restart
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Configurasi /etc/resolv.conf
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nameserver 192.168.100.1
nameserver 192.168.1.1
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Sampai langkah ini,
pastikan nslookup sekolah.sch.id > berhasil
pastikan nslookup smkbisa.com > berhasil

CONFIGURASI VIRTUAL-HOST
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Kita buat 2 folder berbeda yaitu sekolah dan smkbisa
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#mkdir /var/www/sekolah
#mkdir /var/www/smkbisa
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Kita salin file 000-default.conf menjadi sekolah.conf dan smkbisa.conf
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#cp /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available/sekolah.conf
#cp /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available/smkbisa.conf
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Kita configurasi sekolah /etc/apache2/sites-available/sekolah.conf
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#HTTP SERVER
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin eenpahlefi@sekolah.sch.id
ServerName sekolah.com
ServerAlias sekolah.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/sekolah
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

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Kita configurasi smkbisa /etc/apache2/sites-available/smkbisa.conf
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#HTTP
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin eenpahlefi@smkbisa.com
ServerName smkbisa.com
ServerAlias smkbisa.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/smkbisa
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

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Kita nonaktifkan 000-default.conf
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#a2dissite 000-default.conf
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Kita aktifkan sekolah.conf dan smkbisa.conf
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#a2ensite sekolah.conf
#a2ensite smkbisa.conf
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Kita restart apache
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#/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

CONFIGURASI HTTPS
Sebelum Anda dapat mulai mengkonfigurasi openssl,
Anda harus memastikan HTTP user / group memiliki izin untuk membuat perubahan ke file /var/www/ ini.
Dalam Debian, pengguna dan kelompok diberi nama www-data.
Membuat mereka pemilik direktori /var/www/ dan semua isinya.
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#chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/
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Kita buat folder untuk menaruh file sertifikat
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#mkdir /var/www/sertifikat
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Kita buat sertifikat ssl
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openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /var/www/sertifikat/eenpahlefi.key -out /var/www/sertifikat/eenpahlefi.crt
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Kemudian tekan enter saja selanjutnya
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Configurasi /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/sekolah.conf
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#HTTP SERVER
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin eenpahlefi@sekolah.sch.id
ServerName sekolah.com
ServerAlias sekolah.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/sekolah
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

#HTTPS
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerAdmin eenpahlefi@sekolah.sch.id
ServerName sekolah.sch.id
ServerAlias sekolah.sch.id
DocumentRoot /var/www/sekolah
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /var/www/sertifikat/eenpahlefi.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /var/www/sertifikat/eenpahlefi.key
</VirtualHost>
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Configurasi /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/smk.conf
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#HTTP
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin eenpahlefi@smkbisa.com
ServerName smkbisa.com
ServerAlias smkbisa.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/smkbisa
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

#HTTPS
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerAdmin eenpahlefi@smkbisa.com
ServerName smkbisa.com
ServerAlias smkbisa.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/smkbisa
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /var/www/sertifikat/eenpahlefi.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /var/www/sertifikat/eenpahlefi.key
</VirtualHost>
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Kita nonaktifkan default-ssl.conf
------------------------------------------
#a2dissite default-ssl.conf
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Kita aktifkan sekolah.conf dan smkbisa.conf
------------------------------------------
#a2ensite sekolah.conf
#a2ensite smkbisa.conf
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Kita restart apache
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#/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
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Kita uji dengan membuka di browser mozila/google chroom
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https://sekolah.sch.id
https://smkbisa.com

INSTALASI DAN CONFIGURASI WORDPRESS
Siapkan wordpress di folder /root
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root@server-ukk:~# ls
wordpress-4.7.tar.gz

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Atau bisa juga langsung download versi tar.gz lewat internet ke situs wordpress nya
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#wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
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Atau bisa juga langsung download versi unzip lewat internet ke situs wordpress nya
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#wget http://wordpress.org/latest.zip
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Extract file wordpress versi tar.gz yang baru di Download
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#tar -xzvf latest.tar.gz
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Jika Extract file wordpress versi unzip yang baru di Download
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#unzip latest.tar.gz
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Copy seluruh file yang ada dalam folder wordpress ke /var/www/sekolah
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#cp -r wordpress/* /var/www/sekolah/
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Login menggunakan password root MySQL Anda,
dan kemudian kita perlu membuat database wordpress,
pengguna dalam database itu,
dan memberikan pengguna password baru.
Perlu diingat bahwa semua perintah MySQL harus diakhiri dengan titik koma.
Pertama, mari kita membuat database,
bebas untuk memberikan nama apa pun yang Anda pilih.

Kita akan masuk ke sistem mysql server
-----------------------------------------------------
#mysql -u root -p
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Kita buat database yang bernama wordpress
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MariaDB [(none)]> create database wordpress;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
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Kita buat pengguna baru di mysql server
----------------------------------------------------
MariaDB [(none)]> create user eenwordpress@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
----------------------------------------------------

Kita buat password baru untuk pengguna
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MariaDB [(none)]> set password for eenwordpress@localhost = password("eenpassword");
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
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Kita berikan semua hak istimewa untuk pengguna,
dan database yang bernama wordpress
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MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on wordpress.* to eenwordpress@localhost identified by 'eenpassword';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
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Kita refresh (segarkan) mysql server
----------------------------------------------------
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
----------------------------------------------------

Jangan lupa mengaktifkan library php-gd
gunanya agar wordpress dapat menampilkan grafik seperti chart
----------------------------------------------------
#apt-get install php5-gd
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Kita salin file yang bernama wp-config-sample.php ke wp-config.php
ke folder /var/www/sekolah
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
#cp /var/www/sekolah/wp-config-sample.php /var/www/sekolah/wp-config.php
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Sesuaikan nama database, userpengguna, passwordpengguna
Kita edit file /var/www/sekolah/wp-config.php
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');

/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'eenwordpress');

/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'eenpassword');
---------------------------------------------------------------------

Restart apache server
----------------------------------------------------
#service apache2 restart

INSTALASI DAN CONFIGURASI PROXY SERVER
Install proxy server
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#apt-get install squid3
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Configurasi NAT memaksa agar semua paket yang berasal dari interface eth1 dengan port 80 akan di belokan paksa ke squid
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3128
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Kita bisa lihat hasil iptables yang berada di NAT beserta counter packet nya
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#iptables -t nat -vL
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 359 packets, 28153 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
158 8136 REDIRECT tcp -- eth1 any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http redir ports 3128

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 429 packets, 26928 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 549 packets, 39656 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 48 packets, 2840 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
589 46177 MASQUERADE all -- any eth0 anywhere anywhere
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Kemudian kita simpan agar tidak hilang ketika mesin di restart
--------------------------------------------------------------
#iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4
--------------------------------------------------------------

Configurasi /etc/squid3/squid.conf
-------------------------------------------------------
#rule blok situs, letakan paling atas
acl bloksitus url_regex -i "/etc/squid3/urlblok.txt"
http_access deny bloksitus

visible_hostname sekolah.sch.id
acl client src 10.0.0.0/8 #ip private
acl client src 172.16.0.0/12 #ip private
acl client src 192.168.0.0/16 #ip private
http_access allow client

http_port 3128 transparent
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Kita buat daftar situs yang ingin di blokir
-------------------------------------------------------
#nano /etc/squid3/urlblok.txt
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pokemongo.com
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Kita bangun kembali stuktur folder baru sesuai tipe directory
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#squid3 -z
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Kita cek jika ada configurasi squid3 yang salah
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#squid3 -k parse
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Kita restart squid3
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# /etc/init.d/squid3 restart
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Catatan : pastikan squid benar2 running

CONFIGURASI FTP SERVER
Configurasi /etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf
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#Kita juga bisa membuat user anonymous, agar bisa akses tanpa username dan password
#Perhatikan letak directory nya ya
<Anonymous /home/anonymous>
User ftp
Group nogroup
UserAlias anonymous ftp
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
RequireValidShell off
MaxClients 10
DisplayLogin welcom.msg
DisplayChdir .message
</Anonymous>

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Pastikan nama /etc/hostname komputer anda harus sama dengan nama yang ada di /etc/hosts
-----------------------------------------------------
root@server-ukk:~# cat /etc/hostname
server-ukk
root@server-ukk:~# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.100.1 server-ukk

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Kita restart proftpd
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# /etc/init.d/roftpdrestart
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Catatan : pastikan proftpd benar2 running

Jika sudah selesai, untuk menguji di browser mozila/chroom
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ftp://sekolah.sch.id

Berikut lampiran instalasi wordpress di browser